Sudan.

“The conflict in the Sudan is the longest running conflict in Africa... it has caused tragic loss of life, destroyed the infrastructure of the country, eroded its economic resources and caused suffering to the people of the Sudan ”

— From the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, 2005

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The conflict in Sudan has many faces, the best known are a ‘North-South’ conflict, ‘that problem in Darfur’ or an ‘Arab-African’ conflict. The reality is that Sudan is deeply complex with many isolated but often overlapping conflicts that blur common perceptions.

The fragile Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), in one way or another, affects almost every state in the North and South of Sudan. Beneath that are numerous tribal differences that continue to be politicised, bitter oil related conflicts and an increasing apprehension that forthcoming elections (scheduled for April 2010) will exacerbate problems further. A referendum on independence for South Sudan is also mandated to take place in January 2011. Such complexities make it almost impossible for outsiders to fully understand, once again highlighting just how indispensable local peacebuilders are. There are fears that the conflicts in Sudan have the potential to trigger a regional war, drawing in neighbouring countries.