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Conflict Profile.

Conflict Timeline

1946 Formation of the ‘Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia’, made up of 6 Republics (including Bosnia-Herzegovina). Communist state, led by Josep Broz Tito, who carefully suppressed national identities within Yugoslavia.
1980 Death of Tito.
1991 Final collapse of the Soviet Union. Slovenia and Croatia become the first Republics to declare independence from Yugoslavia. They are soon followed by Macedonia. Bosnia at this point is a multi-ethnic Republic with approximately 43% Bosniak (Muslim), 31% and 17% Croat population. Read full Bosnia timeline >>>

Key people and parties

Radovan Karadžić Leader of the Bosnian Serbs and former president of ‘Republika Srpska’ during the Bosnian War. Currently on trial for war crimes at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
ICTY The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia is a UN body set up to prosecute crimes committed during the wars in the former Yugoslavia.
Ratko Mladic Chief of Staff of the Bosnian Serb army during the Bosnian War. Accused of many crimes by the ICTY including genocide, he is currently a fugitive. Read full list of Bosnia key people and parties >>>

Resources

Berhof Research Center Research on ‘Nonviolence and Dealing with the Past in Former Yugoslavia’
Balkan Investigative Reporting Network News on latest training, publication and debates on the Balkans.
Reuters AlertNet Background statistics and breaking news on Bosnia. Read a full list of resources on the Bosnia conflict >>>

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The war in Bosnia (1992-1995) was the most bloody of the conflicts that took place with the breakup of Yugoslavia. The vicious conflict split the state largely (though not exclusively) along ethnic lines, with nationalist parties and then armies representing Serbs, Croatians and the predominantly Muslim Bosniak populations. The Bosnian War left an estimated 100,000 – 110,000 dead and was characterised by brutal war crimes. The war officially ended with the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement in 1995. Although Dayton achieved the ending of the war, the division of Bosnia into two governing entities, with deep divisions remaining between the ethnic communities and politics dominated by nationalist parties.

Bridge, Mostar

The re-built bridge in Mostar, Herzegovina. The rebuilding of the bridge was seen as a symbol of reconciliation after destruction of the bridge in 1993 by Bosnia Croats during the vicious fighting in the city. Thanks to jaimesilva. Uploaded under a Creative Commons license.